Different stimuli applied to the skin can cause tissue damage, and information about this damage is conveyed to the brain via specific pathways. The resulting pain can be either acute or chronic. Describe briefly, the difference between acute and chronic pain (10%). Describe the primary afferent and central pathways that convey information about acute (transient) tissue damaging stimuli; how is information about fast and slow pain differentiated (60%). What are the spinal and central consequences of nociceptor stimulation that subserve the protective functions of acute pain? (30%).Pain is defined as the unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with real or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of tissue damage by the International Association for the Study of Pain (Carpenter and Reddi, 2012). Pain can be categorised as acute or chronic, depending on the length of time the pain is felt. The general pathway to the detection of acute pain involves nociceptors (detectors of noxious stimuli), their nerve fibres and then anterolateral tracts in the spinal cord to different areas in the brain and brainstem. As a part of nociception, there are fast and slow transmissions of information about the noxious stimuli. The information provided by this process can then be used to form appropriate responses to prevent further damage to the body. Acute pain is triggered by an injury or disease and warns the body of potential damage, so that it can form responses that reduce harm to the body, through actions such as avoidance or rest. The pain then ceases when the injury heals. Chronic pain is defined as lasting for over 6 months, persisting even when the trauma has healed and so unlike acute pain, chronic pain does not provide a useful biological function (Grichnik and Ferrante, 1991). Cancer or the treatment of it can be a cause of chronic pain because as tumours invade tissues, they may injure nerves, causing peripheral neuropathy. As a result, after the cancer has been treated, pain can still be felt (Mantyh et al., 2002).Nociceptors and their nerve fibres makeup the primary afferent pathway to the spinal cord in the first step toward the perception of acute pain. The two main types of nociceptive nerve fibres are C fibres (the most common) and A? fibres, however there are a few A? fibres involved in high threshold mechanoreception. A? fibres are thinly myelinated and have a larger diameter than C fibres, that are unmyelinated, allowing A? fibres to transfer action potentials more quickly at 5-30 m/s compared to 1.0 m/s in C fibres (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). As a result, the sharp, first pain is carried mainly by A? and so provides information about mechanical stimuli rapidly. It gives good special discrimination due to their small receptive fields, so that the person can determine what has happened to their body and where. The second pain comes later as a more agonising pain with less information about the location of the noxious stimuli but more information about the pain intensity. It is this second pain relayed by C fibres that aims to cause the person to change their behaviour (Squire, 2013).The nociceptors are free nerve endings that terminate in the skin, joints, muscles, bones and viscera, which display either slow or no adaptation and there are a wide variety of types that detect different noxious stimuli. The combination of protein channels in their membranes gives them this specificity and examples of this are provided in figure 1. High threshold mechanoreceptors, stimulated by powerful pressure, have mainly C fibres, but also some A? and A? fibres. Thermal nociceptors respond to extreme temperatures of over 40 ºC and under 5 ºC, with different channel receptors responding to specific temperatures and substances. For example, capsaicin found in hot peppers activates the TRPV1 receptor that also responds to temperatures of over 42 ºC (Squire 2013). These nociceptors have both C and A? fibres. Polymodal nociceptors can be activated by two or more noxious stimuli types and the signals are carried by the majority of C fibres. Silent nociceptors do not normally fire in respond to noxious stimuli, however they become activated after tissue damage or inflammation. These signals are also carried by C fibres (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000).(Basbaum et al., 2009)Figure 1: Examples of the protein channels found in thermal, peptidergic and nonpeptidergic polymodal nociceptors. Heat sensitive TRPV1 channels are present in both thermal and polymodal nociceptors. Other channels include TRPA1, a chemoreceptor, and mechano-transduction channels (Basbaum et al., 2009).In the primary afferent pathway, nociceptive fibres enter the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and branch up and down to different spinal segments through the Lissauer tract before terminating (Bear, Connors and Paradiso, 2007). Noxious A? fibres synapse at laminae I and lamina V. C enters at the substantia gelatinosa (lamina II) but also contacts neurons in lamina V directly by its dendrites, or indirectly using excitatory interneurons. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter used in these dorsal horn synapses and this stimulates AMPA-type glutamate receptors. C fibres also release neuropeptides such as substance P that evoke slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials that heighten and extend the actions of glutamate. Conversely, inhibitory neurons release GABA and (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). There are then multiple ascending nociceptive pathways, with the major three being the spinothalamic, spinoreticular and spinomesencephalic pathways that are illustrated in figure 2.In the anterolateral system, the spinothalamic pathway consists of second order neurons that decussate and then project directly from the dorsal horn of the spinal cord to the VPL (ventral posterolateral) and VPI (ventral posterior inferior) nuclei of the thalamus. Third order neurons starting here then terminate in several cortex areas including the somatosensory cortex and cingulate gyrus and insula. (Squire, 2013). The somatosensory cortex indicates the location and intensity of the noxious stimuli, while as part of the limbic system, the cingulate gyrus contributes to the emotional component of pain and lastly the insular cortex that influences the overall pain response due to integration of sensory, affective and cognitive components. (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). In the spinoreticular pathway, neurons project to the medullary-pontine formation, a part of the reticular formation, and synapse with neurons that ascend to the thalamic intralaminar nuclei as well as directly to the cerebral cortex to activate the forebrain and increases alertness (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). Neurons from the thalamic intralaminar nuclei project to various parts of the cerebral cortex where pain becomes conscious. Spinomesencephalic axons terminate in the mesencephalic reticular formation and the periaqueductal grey which descending pain modulation is primarily controlled (Squire, 2013). There are several other collateral terminations of these three tracts. For example, the spinoparabrachial tract travels from the spinomesencephalic tract to the parabrachial nuclei. From here, neurons project to the amygdala, which is involved in emotion. Another key example is the terminations in the hypothalamus that lead to autonomic and endocrine effects such as vomiting and sweating (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). Together, these ascending pathways contribute to the perception of pain along with the primary pathways can contribute to the consequential protective responses of the body.Figure 2: The three major ascending nociceptive pathways (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000).One initial response to a harmful, noxious stimulus is neurogenic inflammation, which is also known as the axon reflex. A branch of a C fibre will be stimulated by the noxious stimuli and will send action potentials to other peripheral branches of the C fibre as well as along the axon to the CNS. These peripheral branches release substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) that act upon the smooth muscle of peripheral blood vessels and on mast cells. Vasodilation of the peripheral blood vessels increases blood flow to this area, to cause plasma extravasation, white blood cell and platelet adhesion. Mast cells are also stimulated to produce histamine that further contributes to the inflammatory response and activates other sensory nerve endings. The purpose of this is to provide the damaged tissue with the components it needs for protection from the external environment and reparation (Rosa and Fantozzi, 2013). Hyperalgesia is also an effect of this axon reflex. The oedema causes extracellular fluid pH to decrease from 7.4 to below 6 and this change in H+ ion concentration increases the sensitivity of the C fibre nociceptors. Some of the neighbouring nociceptors may be silent nociceptors that are activated by these changes and so become responsive to noxious stimuli that they will not have responded to under normal conditions (Squire, 2013).Neurogenic inflammation causes peripheral sensitisation as there is an increase firing rate of Adelta and C fibres from peripheral nociceptors. Central sensitisation occurs in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, where second order neurons in lamina I to V become more responsive as a result of repetitive C fibre firing. This wind-up effect is due to the activation and opening of receptors and ion channels such as the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type receptors that responds to glutamate (Haines and Mihailoff, 2018). Activation of kinases in the dorsal horn neuron leads to the upregulation of the expression of receptors and protein channels. The process causes heightened sensitivity to both noxious and innocuous stimuli, causing allodynia and hyperalgesia (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000). This increased sensitivity can cause further behavioural changes in the person, as they try to protect the injured area from innocuous stimuli such as gentle touch. This avoidance gives the injury more opportunity to heal.Another response is due to fibre collaterals that terminate on interneurons in the spinal grey matter. These connections participate in the circuits that mediate spinal reflexes such as the flexor withdrawal reflex (Squire, 2013). The nociceptive input activates interneurons that excite motoneurones of all the flexor muscles in the affected limb, to withdraw it from the painful stimulus. Simultaneously, extensor motoneurons are inhibited to cause the relaxation of the antagonistic muscles and this process is known as reciprocal innervation. When a painful stimulus is applied to a foot, the crossed extensor reflex illustrated in figure 3, is used to provide postural support and balance. Branches of an excitatory interneuron stimulate the motoneuron of the ipsilateral leg flexor and the motoneuron of the contralateral leg extensor. Inhibitory interneurons then cause the relaxation of the antagonistic muscles through their relative motoneurons (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000).Figure 3: The crossed-extensor reflex. The excitatory interneurons are red, the inhibitory interneurons are blue, and the motoneurons and white and red (Kandel, Schwartz and Jessell, 2000).Reference ListBasbaum, A., Bautista, D., Scherrer, G. & Julius, D. (2009) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of pain, Cell, 139, pp.267-284.Bear, M., Connors B., Paradiso, M. (2007) Neuroscience: exploring the brain, 3rd ed., Philadelphia ; London : Lippincott Williams & Wilkings.Carpenter, R. & Reddi, B. (2012) Neurophysiology a conceptual approach, 5th ed., London: Hodder Arnold.Grichnik, K. & Ferrante, F. (1991) The difference between acute and chronic pain, The Mount Sinai journal of medicine, New York, 58, pp.217-220.Haines, D. & Mihailoff, G. (2018) Fundamental neuroscience for basic and clinical applications, 5th ed., Amsterdam : ElsevierKandel, E., Schwartz, J., Jessel, T. (2000) Principles of neural science, 4th ed., New York ; London : McGraw-Hill.Mantyh, P., Clohisy, D., Koltzenburg, M. et al. (2002) Molecular mechanisms of cancer pain, Nature Reviews Cancer, 2, pp.201209.Rosa, A., & Fantozzi, R. (2013). The role of histamine in neurogenic inflammation. British journal of pharmacology, 170, pp.38-45.Squire L. (2013) Fundamental neuroscienceI, 4th ed., Amsterdam ; London : Elsevier.
Physical Responses to Pain
Mar 17, 2020 | Physiology
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- EN206, HUMANITIES
- ENC1102, Writing
- eng 100
- ENG100
- ENG101
- ENG101, Humanities
- ENG102
- ENG102, Humanities
- eng106
- ENG1102, WRITING
- ENG124
- ENG124, Humanities
- ENG124, Writing
- ENG1340, HUMANITIES
- ENG200, Humanities
- ENG207
- eng2206
- ENG2211
- ENG305
- ENG812
- Engineering
- Engineering – Chemical Engineering
- Engineering – Civil Engineering
- Engineering – Civil EngineeringEngineering – Civil Engineering
- Engineering – Electrical Engineering
- Engineering – Electrical EngineeringEngineering – Electrical Engineering
- Engineering – Electronic Engineering
- Engineering – Mechanical Engineering
- Engineering – Mechanical EngineeringEngineering – Mechanical Engineering
- Engineering – Telecommunications Engineering
- EngineeringEngineering
- ENGL 120
- ENGL 124, OTHER
- ENGL 124, WRITING
- ENGL 2030, HUMANITIES
- ENGL1102
- ENGL120, HUMANITIES
- ENGL120SP2019, WRITING
- ENGL126
- ENGL1302
- ENGL130E, HUMANITIES
- ENGL147N, HUMANITIES
- ENGL2, Humanities
- English
- English – Article writing
- English – Article writingEnglish – Article writing
- English Language
- English Literature
- EnglishEnglish
- ENGR350
- ENST202CORE274
- ensuring you allocate dedicated time for coursework
- Environment
- Environmental Science
- Environmental Sciences
- Environmental Studies
- especially for a small company
- Essay Writing
- etc¦). Please note at least five organizational activities and be specific when responding.
- ETH321
- ETHC445N
- Ethnic Studies 101
- European Studies
- EXNS6223
- Family
- Fashion
- February 20). What is defensive programming? EasyTechJunkie. Retrieved December 30
- film industry
- FILM INDUSTRY, HUMANITIES
- Film Studies
- FIN 500
- FIN330, MATHEMATICS
- FIN370
- Final Essay
- Find the uniform most powerful level of alpha test and determine sample size with the central limit theorem
- Florida International University
- Florida National University
- Florida State College at Jacksonville
- FoothillDe Anza Community College District
- Foreign Languages
- Foreign Languages – Spanish
- formulations
- from https://www.pcmag.com/news/fat32-vs-ntfs-choose-your-own-format
- G124/enc1101
- Gallaudet University
- General Studies
- General_Business
- GEO1206
- GEOG100, Science
- Geography
- GEOL3200, HUMANITIES
- Geometry
- George Mason University
- GERM1027
- GERO 101, SCIENCE
- GERON101
- GLG101, Science
- GO16
- Government
- GovernmentGovernment
- GOVT2305
- GOVT2305, Humanities
- GOVT2306
- Grand Canyon University, Science
- Grand Canyon University, Writing
- Grantham University
- GRANTHAM UNIVERSITY, PROGRAMMING
- GRANTHAM UNIVERSITY, WRITING
- GROSSMONT COLLEGE, HUMANITIES
- Grossmont-Cuyamaca Community College District
- GROSSMONT-CUYAMACA COMMUNITY COLLEGE DISTRICT, HUMANITIES
- GU299, WRITING
- Hawaii Pacific University
- HC310
- HCA415
- HCA521
- HCM550, SCIENCE
- Hcs370
- HCS446
- he focused on aspects of the U.S. that combined democratic and increasingly capitalist characteristics. THINK ABOUT the points De Tocqueville made.
- Health & Medical
- Healthcare
- HIM 2588, MATHEMATICS
- HIM 500, SCIENCE
- HIM301
- HIS 108
- HIS101
- HIS105
- HIS200
- HIST104A, Humanities
- HIST111
- HIST1301, HUMANITIES
- HIST1302
- HIST1320
- HIST1700
- HIST2620
- HIST350, Humanities
- HIST405N, HUMANITIES
- HIST459, Humanities
- History
- History – American history
- History – American historyHistory – American history
- History – Ancient history
- History – Ancient historyHistory – Ancient history
- History – World history
- History – World historyHistory – World history
- HISTORY4250, Humanities
- HistoryHistory
- HLSS508, OTHER
- HMP403
- Hospitality
- HOST1066, WRITING
- Housing
- How do the changes in ship technology effect port operations? Discuss at least 3 factors contributing to port operations and development. Address cargo and passenger liners.250 words
- How have Mary Calderone, SIECUS and other sex educators changed how sex education is perceived? (100 words minimum)
- HOWARD UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE
- HR Management
- HRM300
- HRT6050, Writing
- HSA305
- HSA535
- HSC3201
- HSN476
- HUM1002
- HUM115
- HUM115, Writing
- Human Resource
- Human Resource Management
- Human Resource ManagementHuman Resource Management
- Human Resources
- HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT, SCIENCE
- Human Rights
- HUMANITIES
- Humanities, Alcorn State University
- HUMANITIES, HY 1110
- Humanities, LMC3225D
- HUMANITIES, LONG BEACH CITY COLLEGE
- HUMANITIES, MUSIC1306
- HUMANITIES, OAKLAND COMMUNITY COLLEGE
- HUMANITIES, PH 100
- HUMANITIES, POINT LOMA NAZARENE UNIVERSITY
- HUMANITIES, PRINCE GEORGE'S COMMUNITY COLLEGE
- Humanities, PSY105
- HUMANITIES, PSY330 THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
- Humanities, PSYC 1101
- HUMANITIES, PSYCH305
- HUMANITIES, PSYCH635 PSYCHOLOGY OF LEARNING
- HUMANITIES, RSCH8110
- HUMANITIES, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
- HUMANITIES, SAN JACINTO COLLEGE
- Humanities, SOC1010
- HUMANITIES, SOC401
- HUMANITIES, SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION
- HUMANITIES, SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
- HUMANITIES, STRAYER UNIVERSITY
- HUMANITIES, SWK110
- HUMANITIES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
- HUMANITIES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA IRVINE
- HUMANITIES, UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON-DOWNTOWN
- Humanities, University of Maryland University College
- i need the attached work to look like this. please redo and make it look like this.
- I need these questions answered fully. I have the assignment and the notes attached for it. Do not use chegg or course hero. This is due Wednesday 4/14 at 10:00 pm which is almost 4 full days. Thanks!
- I need to re organize a research paper I attached all my information and I attached you an example how is going to be. Please follow the instruction and the references has to be APA 7edition
- Identify a cardiac or respiratory issue and outline the key steps necessary to include for prevention and health promotion
- identify the leadership theory that best aligns with your personal leadership style
- if you suggest trying to do this
- IGLOBAL UNIVERSITY
- IHS2215
- Iii Mlch
- III nuistery of such superficialities was meant to
- Implement classifiers KMeans, Random Forest and Decision Tree, SVM,XGBoost and Naive Bayes for the given dataset of audio samples to findout top genre for an audio sample(which one fits best)
- In a cardiac issue what are the key steps necessary to include for prevention and health promotion.
- in any other way
- include a paragraph about which side of the case a forensic psychologists might support and why.
- indeed
- India
- INDIANA UNIVERSITY BLOOMINGTON, SCIENCE
- INF690
- INF690, Other
- Information Systems
- Information SystemsInformation Systems
- Information Technology
- INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SAUDI ARABIA, PROGRAMMING
- INT700, OTHER
- International Business
- International Relations
- International Studies
- Internet
- Introduction to Biology
- Is jury nullification sometimes justifiable? When?
- ISSC351
- It Research
- IT380
- IT550, Business & Finance , Southern New Hampshire University
- ITC3001
- ITP120
- ITS 631, PROGRAMMING
- ITS835, Other
- JEDDAH COLLEGE OF ADVERTISING, WRITING
- Journalism
- KNOWLEDGE IS POWER, OTHER
- Languages
- Law
- Law – Civil
- Law – CivilLaw – Civil
- Law – Criminal
- Law – CriminalLaw – Criminal
- LawLaw
- Leadership
- lecture slides
- Leisure Management
- Liberty University
- LIBERTY UNIVERSITY, WRITING
- lIlgll.Igt· (1II1In·d
- Linguistics
- literacy is always plural: literacies (there are many of them
- Literature
- Literature Review
- Literature review funnel on "cyber security"
- LiteratureLiterature
- MA105
- MAJAN COLLEGE, WRITING
- Management
- Manpower
- Marketing
- Math
- MATH 1030
- MATH144, MATHEMATICS
- Mathematics
- Mathematics – Algebra
- Mathematics – Calculus
- Mathematics – Geometry
- Mathematics – Numerical analysis
- Mathematics – Precalculus
- Mathematics – Probability
- Mathematics – Statistics
- Mathematics – StatisticsMathematics – Statistics
- Mathematics – Trigonometry
- MATHEMATICS, MGT3332
- Mathematics, National American University
- Mathematics, PSY325
- MATHEMATICS, PUBH8545
- Mathematics, QNT275
- MATHEMATICS, STAT 201
- MBA503
- McMaster University
- ME350B, SCIENCE
- MECH4430, SCIENCE
- Mechanics
- Media
- Medical
- Medical Essays
- MGMT2702
- MGMT410
- MGT173, SCIENCE
- MHR6451
- MIAMI UNIVERSITY, WRITING
- Military
- Military Science
- MKT501
- MKT690, OTHER
- MN576
- MN581
- MN610, SCIENCE
- MNGT3711
- Music
- MVC109
- N4685
- NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH, SCIENCE
- NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE
- Needs to be at least 300 wordswithin the past five years.No plagiarism! What key aspects do you believe should guide ethical behavior related to health information, technology, and social media?
- no workable ""affirmative action"" for Discourses: you can't 19 Ill' let into the game after missing the apprenticeship and be expected to have a fnir shot at playing it. Social groups will not
- Northcentral University
- not writing)
- nothing can stand in her way once she has her mind set. I will say that she can sometimes be hard headed
- Nova Southeastern University
- NR447, SCIENCE
- NRS429VN
- NRS44V, OTHER
- NRS451VN
- NRSE4540
- NSG426
- NSG486
- NSG6102
- NSG6102, SCIENCE
- Numerical Analysis
- NUR231NUR2349, SCIENCE
- NUR647E
- NURS350
- NURS508
- NURS6640
- Nursing
- NURSING LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT, SCIENCE
- NursingNursing
- Nutrition
- offering learners the flexibility to acquire new skills and knowledge from the comfort of their homes. However
- OHIO UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE
- Online Discussion Forums Grade and Reflection Assignment : Current Topic Artificial Intelligence HR Planning Career and Management Development Labour RelationsForum
- operation security
- Operations Management
- or do those companies have an ethical obligation to protect people? In this assignment
- ORG5800, OTHER
- Organisations
- OTHER
- Other, PAD631
- OTHER, PARK UNIVERSITY
- OTHER, PLA1223
- Other, POLI330N
- OTHER, PROFESSIONAL NURSING NU231 NUR2349
- Other, RTM404
- OTHER, SAINT LEO UNIVERSITY
- OTHER, SOC3210C1
- Other, SOCW6333
- OTHER, SOUTHERN NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIVERSITY
- Other, The University Of Southern Mississippi
- OTHER, TRIDENT UNIVERSITY INTERNATIONAL
- Other, UC
- OTHER, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
- OTHER, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
- Other, Walden University
- paying attention to grammar and spelling. Actively participate in discussions
- Personal Development
- PhD Dissertation Research
- PHI 413V, SCIENCE
- Philosophy
- Photography
- PHY290
- PHYS204L206
- Physics
- Physics – Astronomy
- Physics – Electromagnetism
- Physics – Geophysics
- Physics – Mechanics
- Physics – Optics
- PhysicsPhysics
- Physiology
- PNGE332, SCIENCE
- Political Science
- Political SciencePolitical Science
- Politics
- PowerPoint slides
- privacy
- PROFESSIONAL NURSING NU231 NUR2349, SCIENCE
- PROFESSIONAL NURSING NU231NUR2349, SCIENCE
- Programming
- Programming , College of Applied Sciences
- PROGRAMMING, STRAYER UNIVERSITY
- PROGRAMMING, WILMINGTON UNIVERSITY
- Project Management
- proper grammar
- Protein
- provide a discussion on what could have been done better to minimize the risk of failure. If you have not yet been involved with a business process redesign
- PSYC8754, WRITING
- Psychology
- PsychologyPsychology
- PUB373, SCIENCE
- Purdue University
- Rasmussen College
- Read a poam and write a paragraph to prove "The table turned".
- Reading
- ReadingReading
- readings
- Reference this
- REL1030
- Religion
- RES861, Science RES861
- Research Methodology
- Research methods
- Research Proposal
- Research questions
- Retail
- Rutgers university
- SAFE4150
- safety statutes
- Santa Clara University
- SCI 220, SCIENCE
- SCI115, SCIENCE
- Science
- Science, Strayer University
- SCIENCE, THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY
- SCIENCE, WEST COAST UNIVERSITY
- SCIENCE, WEST TEXAS A & M UNIVERSITY
- Sciences
- SCM371, Writing
- Search in scholarly sources the similarities and difference between PhD and DNP. Post three similarities and three differences found on your research. Do not forget to include your reference.
- Security
- self-actualization
- several things can happen
- Should the government operate public transportation systems?250 words
- so that it is not biased?
- so too
- SOC 450
- Social Policy
- Social Science
- Social Science – Philosophy
- Social Science – PhilosophySocial Science – Philosophy
- Social Science – Sociology
- Social Science – SociologySocial Science – Sociology
- Social ScienceSocial Science
- Social Work
- Society
- Sociology
- someone cannot engage in a Discourse in a less than fully fluent manner. You are either in it or you're not. Discourses are connected with displays of
- SP19, WRITING
- SPC2608
- SPD310
- Sports
- Statistics
- succeeding in online courses requires a different approach compared to traditional classroom settings. To help you make the most of your online learning experience
- such as notifications from social media or email. Organize your study materials and have a reliable internet connection to ensure seamless access to course materials.
- Technology
- that personal ethics and organizations ethics are two different and unrelated concepts. Others
- the attribute is useful
- The directions are attached. However you must read the PDF file first in order to answer the questions.
- the role of work and money
- Theatre
- then reply to a minimum of 2 of your classmates' original posts.
- Theology
- Threat of artificial intelligence 800 words.
- to be true of second language acquisition or socially situ ated cognition (Beebe
- to better promote the value and dignity of individuals or groups and to serve others in ways that promote human flourishing.
- to usc a Discourse. The most you can do is III It'! them practice being a linguist with you.
- total fat consumption
- Tourism
- Translation
- Transportation
- U110
- Uncategorized
- University of Central Missouri
- University of South Florida
- UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA, WRITING
- Video Games
- Watch this meditation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=doQGx4hdF3M&feature=youtu.be and write a one page reflection
- WCWP10B
- we can always ask about how much ten- 12 """""" or conflict is present between any two of a person's Discourses (Rosaldo
- What approaches to the study of poverty does economic sociology offer? More specifically, what might sociologists studying poverty focus on besides poor households, neighborhoods, and individuals?
- What is the philosophical matrices for Behaviorism, Constructivism, and Reconstructivism
- What key aspects do you believe should guide ethical behavior related to health information, technology, and social media?
- what place did government have to improve markets? What does the concept of ""crowding out"" mean in all of this?
- What should be done to maintain optimum stock levels and why is it important to keep accurate and up-to-date records of stock in medical practice?
- whether good or bad. The intent of the short research projects is to dig a little deeper into some of the topics
- which triggers the vulnerability. As soon as the user downloads this shortcut file on Windows 10; windows explorer will
- Would somebody read these quotes and answer those three questions at the bottom for me?Disregard number two I will look for myself in the text.
- Write short essay based on evidence about the 2 cons of Sex Education 250-300 words 2 reference minimum no plagiarism
- WRITING
- writing assignment, you will analyze asymmetric and symmetric encryption. Evaluate the differences between the two of them and which one that you would determine is the most secure.
- Writing, Personal Code of Technology Ethics
- you believe you can provide the CIO with the information he needs.
- you will learn how to search for scholarly
- you will need to read the TCP standard. TCP was first defined in RFC 793. A link to this document is provided. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc793
- Young People
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